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傅志寰
《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第12期 页码 13-16
近年来我国能源消费增长快、利用效率低的问题比较突出，原有《节能法》已经不能适应当前节能工作的要求。为了推动全社会的节约能源工作，全国人大今年修订了这部法律。文章介绍了修订后的《节能法》基本思路、主要内容和实施后的初步效果。
Building Energy Conservation and Technology
Yi JIANG, Xiaohua LIU,
《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第1期 页码 1-1 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0025-x
Dawei ZHANG
《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年 第6卷 第4期 页码 557-563 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0077-5
关键词： ecological conservation redline development of energy and mineral resources coordinated development
《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第4期 页码 542-547 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0834-8
ZnO nanorefrigerant in R152a refrigeration system for energy conservation and green environment
D. SENDIL KUMAR,R. ELANSEZHIAN
《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第9卷 第1期 页码 75-80 doi: 10.1007/s11465-014-0285-y
In this paper the reliability and performance of a vapour compression refrigeration system with ZnO nanoparticles in the working fluid was investigated experimentally. Nanorefrigerant was synthesized on the basis of the concept of the nanofluids, which was prepared by mixing ZnO nanoparticles with R152a refrigerant. The conventional refrigerant R134a has a global warming potential (GWP) of 1300 whereas R152a has a significant reduced value of GWP of 140 only. An experimental test rig is designed and fabricated indigenously in the laboratory to carry out the investigations. ZnO nanoparticles with refrigerant mixture were used in HFC R152a refrigeration system. The system performance with nanoparticles was then investigated. The concentration of nano ZnO ranges in the order of 0.1% v, 0.3% v and 0.5%v with particle size of 50 nm and 150 g of R152a was charged and tests were conducted. The compressor suction pressure, discharge pressure and evaporator temperature were measured. The results indicated that ZnO nanorefrigerant works normally and safely in the system. The ZnO nanoparticle concentration is an important factor considered for heat transfer enhancement in the refrigeration system. The performance of the system was significantly improved with 21% less energy consumption when 0.5%v ZnO-R152a refrigerant. Both the suction pressure and discharge pressure were lowered by 10.5% when nanorefrigerant was used. The evaporator temperature was reduced by 6% with the use of nanorefrigerant. Hence ZnO nanoparticles could be used in refrigeration system to considerably reduce energy consumption. The usage of R152a with zero ozone depleting potential (ODP) and very less GWP and thus provides a green and clean environment. The complete experimental results and their analysis are reported in the main paper.
关键词： ZnO nanorefrigerant reduced GWP COP pressure ratio green energy
Weiliang WANG, Junfu LYU, Zheng LI, Hai ZHANG, Guangxi YUE, Weidou NI
《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第4期 页码 798-807 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0633-z
关键词： coal-fired power energy conservation net coal consumption rate new installation phasing out backward production unit capacity structure
江亿
《中国工程科学》 2011年 第13卷 第6期 页码 30-38
给出了我国建筑运行能耗现状，并按照北方城镇建筑采暖、长江流域住宅采暖、住宅用能、非住宅建筑用能以及农村民用建筑用能的分类方法，分别分析了各类建筑能耗的特点、问题和节能的主要途径，同时对比了发达国家同类建筑用能与我国的差别。在基于数据和实际现象的分析的基础上，提出我国建筑能耗显著低于发达国家的主要原因是由于不同的生活方式和建筑使用模式所致，而维持目前这种相对节约的建筑使用方式与生活模式是实现我国建筑节能目标的基础。不同的生活方式和建筑使用方式需要不同的技术措施去实现节能，因此我国一定要采用与发达国家不同的技术途径来实现建筑节能目标。
李骏
《中国工程科学》 2009年 第11卷 第8期 页码 64-71
我国正由汽车工业消费大国向汽车生产大国过渡，汽车工业在GDP中的比重不断攀升，已成长为国民经济支柱，目前已基本形成汽车产品自主开发和技术创新能力。面对日益突出的能源及环境保护问题，以及正面参与国际竞争的压力，汽车产品的竞争要素也在不断转变，动力总成作为汽车产品的关键核心部件，在其中扮演着举足轻重的角色。随着竞争环境的复杂多变，以及顾客需求的多样化，汽车动力总成产品新的竞争局面正在形成，由单纯的追求性能，发展成为目前面向节能、环保、安全及发展循环经济的国际竞争，分析了中国汽车动力总成节能、环保的主要课题，阐述了目前汽车动力总成产品的主要技术，并剖析了一汽(FAW)的技术对策及产品战略。
戴林,周火青,田智宇
《中国工程科学》 2006年 第8卷 第12期 页码 31-38
在《国民经济和社会发展第十一个五年规划纲要（草案）》中提出“十一五”期间单位国内生产总值能源消耗降低20％左右，这标志着我国的经济增长模式正在从传统工业化向新型工业化转变。由于“十五”期间产业结构趋重，工业能源消费占全国能源消费总量的比重由2001年的68.63%逐步提高到2005年的71%左右，而其中最为突显的是钢铁工业的急剧增长，五年内钢产量由12.850×104t增加到35.239×104t，翻了1番多，年均增长速度高达22.36%，2005年钢铁工业能源消费量占工业能源消费总量的21%，因此，钢铁工业的重点耗能企业在实现GDP能耗下降20%的目标过程中如何实现增产又节能的可持续发展，对整个工业行业乃至全国有着重要的借鉴意义。通过对武汉钢铁公司的调研分析,总结出4条钢铁企业节能工作的启示和经验。
傅志寰,宋忠奎,陈小寰,王健夫,赵吉诗
《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第8期 页码 75-80
加快发展节能环保产业是推进我国产业结构调整、转变经济发展方式的重要途径，是应对气候变化，抢占未来竞争制高点的战略选择。本文介绍了我国节能环保产业发展的现状，分析了当前节能环保产业在发展过程中面临的问题，未来发展的重点领域和技术发展方向，提出了“十三五”期间我国节能环保产业发展的主要目标、相应的重点支撑工程和对策建议。
关键词： 节能；环保；资源循环利用；产业；对策
Guofang SHEN
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第4卷 第4期 页码 376-379 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017186
关键词： ecological conservation development construction ” description important governmental
刘友平,李义,张丕界,何广沂
《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第9期 页码 39-46
工程爆破节能环保技术的核心内容是往炮眼中一定位置注入一定量的水并用专用设备制成的炮泥回填堵塞，与常规工程爆破相比，具有显著的节能环保作用。主要介绍了往炮眼底部注水在实际应用中所产生的作用与效果并对此进行了分析，而且通过模拟实验应变测试结果证明了理论分析的正确性。
CROP PROTECTION OPENS UP NEW ERA OF CONSERVATION AND UTILIZATION OF GREEN OPTIONS
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第1期 页码 1-3 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021431
China is the largest agricultural producer in the world. Reducing yield losses caused by pests is an important issue and major challenge for China, especially when confronting global climate change, biological invasions and declining agricultural biodiversity of recent decades. Wang et al. (this issue) summarized the impacts of changing climate on two staple crops in China, wheat and rice (https://doi.org/FASE-2021432). They reviewed the impacts of climate change on crops, crop pests and crop diseases. Basically, increased temperature would reduce crop yields and increase pest damage. Biological invasions have become a serious threat to the agriculture worldwide. Developing approaches for monitoring and controlling invasive pests, such as fall armyworm, has been recognized as high priority for China. The excessive use of highly toxic pesticides has caused considerable damage to the environment and biodiversity, which is also one of the many contributors to the increasing outbreaks of pests and diseases. In addition, understanding interaction between crop pests and plant diseases is another critical challenge for agriculture. About 80% plant viruses can be transmitted by crop pest vectors such as aphids, whiteflies and other hemipteran pests. Therefore, to solve the problem of crop pests and diseases, suitable green crop protection methods have been identified as a key components of sustainable development. This special issue of Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering outlines potential conservation and utilization of green options for crop protection.
To prevent outbreaks of crop pests, an advanced monitoring and early warning system could be the first step in crop protection. The use of science and technology in monitoring and early warning of major crop pests provides better pest management and acts as a fundamental part of an integrated plant protection strategy to achieve the goal of sustainable development of agriculture. Wu et al. (this issue) summarized the fundamental information on pest monitoring and early warning in China by documenting the history of research and application, Chinese laws and regulations related to plant protection, and the National Monitoring and Early Warning System, with the purpose of presenting the Chinese model as an example of how to promote regional management of crop pests, especially cross border pests such as fall armyworm and locust, by international cooperation across pest-impacted countries (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021411). They provide an overview of long-term Chinese efforts in the fight against major pests and to present the country’s experience in crop pest monitoring and early warning technology to the world.
Field management is a traditional conservation agriculture technique on plant protection such as no-till cropping, crop rotation, intercropping and cover cropping. Shi et al. (this issue) found that soil solarization is an environmental-friendly promising strategy that achieved complete mortality to the larvae of Bradysia cellarum (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021402). Crop rotation, intercropping and cover cropping of different crops or plants could help to reduce the outbreak of crop pests and diseases. Wang et al. (this issue) summarized the interactions and trade-offs between plants and entomophagous arthropods, and discussed a landscape management method by sowing flowering plants in agricultural fields (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021427). However, such methods are limited when crop pests have already become well established in crop fields.
Pesticides are widely used in the crop protection. The ideal pesticide should have high effectiveness in the control crop pests but low toxicity to non-target organisms. In this case, biopesticides including biochemical pesticides, microbial pesticides and plant-incorporated protectants are considered to be potential ideal pesticides for crop protection. Biochemical pesticides are the naturally occurring substances, they are derived from animals, plants and microorganisms. Microbial pesticides mainly rely on bacteria, fungi, virus or protozoans as the active agent. They are environment-friendly biopesticides with high effectiveness and species-specificity, and have been commercialized worldwide, for example, Bacillus thuringiensis. Plant-incorporated protectants are products that are genetically incorporated into plant tissues including chemicals, proteins or dsRNA for pest control or anti-microbial activity. Qu et al. (this issue) systematically introduced bioinsecticides for pest control and discussed current constraints that prevent bioinsecticides from being widely used and proposed the future research directions in this issue (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021404). Xu et al. (this issue) optimized synthesis process of an anti-plant-virus candidate drug NK0238, and evaluated the antivirus activity and environmental safety of this product (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021390). Zhu et al. (this issue) investigated a new family of natural cyclic lipodepsipeptides with potent activity against Gram-positive bacteria. By genetic manipulation of accessory genes in the WAP biosynthetic gene cluster, new WAP-8294As were produced in Lysobacter, which confirmed the possibility to expand the spectrum of the biocontrol compounds (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021410). In addition, structural biology studies on action targets provides important insights on molecular functions. Using a structure-based drug design strategy, Zheng et al. (this issue) prepared a battery of novel triketone-quinoxaline compounds, which could be potentially applied to design new herbicides targeting p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021401).
With the development and application of new biotechnology in agriculture, opportunities for crop protection are great becoming more abundant, opening new approaches, such as genetic engineering, to improve the plant resistance against crop pests and diseases. It is now feasible to control pests by directly targeting genes that are essential for the development and survival of insects and pathogenic microorganisms, for example, the sterile insect technique based on gene-drive and RNA interference using dsRNA. In addition, it has been confirmed that some gene families are effective targets that indirectly contribute to crop pests and diseases protection by targeting the plant biochemical synthesis or virus transmitting pathways. In this case, identifying new genes associated with the interaction between crops, insects, microorganisms should be a key focus, both now and in the future. Huang et al. (this issue) summarized the recent research on the interaction between plant viruses and insect vectors, and discussed the potential control strategies to prevent the transmission of insect-vectored plant viruses using RNAi technology, gene editing technology and gene-driven technology (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021389).
We anticipate that the ideas and approaches highlighted in this issue will help broaden reader’s perspectives on every increasing prospect for a new era of sustainable and environment-friendly agricultural pest management.
刘加平,杨柳,刘艳峰,田国民
《中国工程科学》 2011年 第13卷 第10期 页码 40-46
针对西藏高原地区城乡居住建筑环境质量差、常规能源缺乏的现状，通过对城乡居住建筑的大规模实地勘察、对建筑物理环境和能耗等指标的详细测算以及对城镇居住建筑和传统民居基本模式的综合分析，提出了适合西藏高原自然气候条件和社会经济背景的低能耗建筑设计的基本理论、方法及其关键技术问题。研发了低能耗建筑设计基本气象参数数据，创作出以太阳能综合利用为核心技术、适合当地民族文化和社会经济发展状况的城镇节能居住建筑体系和新型乡村生态民居建筑并建成示范工程，在满足基本热舒适条件下，同时保证了居住建筑的采暖和空调的超低能耗。编制了西藏地区建筑节能设计相关标准和图集，推动了当地建筑节能行业的整体进步。研究成果对于西部其他地区亦具有借鉴意义。
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Relationship between the development of energy and mineral resources and ecological conservation redline
Dawei ZHANG
期刊论文
Liquid metal printing opening the way for energy conservation in semiconductor manufacturing industry
期刊论文
ZnO nanorefrigerant in R152a refrigeration system for energy conservation and green environment
D. SENDIL KUMAR,R. ELANSEZHIAN
期刊论文
Energy conservation in China’s coal-fired power industry by installing advanced units and organized phasing
Weiliang WANG, Junfu LYU, Zheng LI, Hai ZHANG, Guangxi YUE, Weidou NI
期刊论文
Ecological conservation, remediation and construction for building an ecological civilization in China
Guofang SHEN
期刊论文
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